A comparative study of effects of pranayama and aerobic exercise on spirometric indices in the age group of 30–50 years

Background: Increasing awareness to lifestyle disease has led to more participation of people in taking up various forms of exercise to avail more health benefits. The ability to perform physical exercise is related to cardiovascular systems capacity to supply oxygen to muscles and pulmonary systems ability to clear carbon di oxide from blood via lungs. Spirometry is a physiological test that measures the volume and flow of air that can be inhaled and exhaled. Aim and Objectives: The purpose of this study is not only to assess the beneficial effects of pranayama and aerobic exercises but to compare the improvements in the lung functions among these two modalities of exercises. Materials and Methods: It is a non-randomized cross-sectional comparative study. Total 150 participants of both sexes aged 30–50 years were selected and divided equally into three groups: Pranayama group, aerobic exercise group, and control group who were doing pranayama and aerobic exercise and no exercise respectively from the past 3 months were included in the study. The participants were assessed by their anthropometric parameters, pulse rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure, forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), FEV1/FVC, and peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR). Results: Among Pranayama groups, there was significantly higher level of FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC ratio, and PEFR as compared to aerobic exercise group and control group. Conclusion: Both pranayama and aerobic exercise play an important role in improving the pulmonary functions but effects were more pronounced with pranayama.

An Analytical Review on Health Benefits of Prenatal Yoga for Mother and Foetus

Pregnancy is a physiological condition in which would be mother changes both from inside as well as outside. Yoga in pregnancy can help the women to balance through these physical, mental and emotional challenges. Embracing yoga during pregnancy provides multi dimensional benefits to mother and baby. Yoga calms the mind, revitalizes the energy and prepares the woman physically and mentally for delivery. Various respiratory exercises (Pranayama) and physical postures (Asanas), performed by a pregnant woman under expert supervision, can help in harmonized relaxation and contraction of uterus, increase the strength, flexibility and endurance of muscles needed for childbirth,. They devour low energy and afford greater benefits. Also Yoga-sasanas can minimizes the complication of pregnancy, like pregnancy induced hypertension, intrauterine growth retardation and pre-term delivery. Yoga calms the mind, re-energies and prepares the mother physiologically, mentally and emotionally and for labour. Yoga is also helpful in improving sleep pattern, reduces lower back pain, nausea, headaches and shortness of breath. Simple stretching exercises encourage circulation, help fluid retention, and relieve stress. Yogic exercises can help pregnant women recover faster post-delivery. Different type of postures, mentioned in Ayurvedic and Yogic texts that can be comfortably performed in pregnancy. They consume lower energy and give better benefits. Yoga is useful for a variety of immunological, behavioral and psychosomatic conditions. Various research studies regarding the utility of yoga interventions for pregnancy shows that it is helpful in improving pregnancy and birth outcomes. Numerous clinical studies shows that yoga may produce improvements in stress levels, quality of life, aspects of interpersonal relating, autonomic nervous system functioning, and labour parameters such as comfort, pain, and duration.

Bhramari Pranayama - A Unique Voice Culturing Technique

A good voice is the basic need of humans. For professional voice users, voice governs their livelihood and social attraction. A good singing voice is attained by the regular vocal exercises and vocal training. Singing involves the skills like respiration, phonation, resonance and articulation. Bhramari Pranayama (BP) involves both humming and respiration. Humming is the resultant of the activity vocal structures which may have effect on the quality of the voice. Aim: To evaluate the effect of Bhramari Pranayama (BP) on voice quality Settings and Design: The study is an open clinical trial involving 30 healthy prospective singers fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria, consenting for the study, who were enrolled through a survey in music schools in the region of Belagavi, Karnataka. Methods and Material: The voice of the 30 healthy prospective singers was recorded using PRAAT software with standard vocal tasks on day 0 of the study. Participants practiced 21 cycles of Bhramari Pranayama in the morning for 30 days. On Day 30, after the practice the voice was re-recorded with same vocal tasks and standard operative procedures being maintained. The recorded voice samples were saved and were subjected for voice analysis using softwares PRAAT, Vaghmi, CSL at AIISH, Mysuru. Statistical analysis used: Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 21 and Paired ‘t’ test was applied to derive the results. Statistical Significance was set up at p<0.05. Results: Bhramari pranayama showed highly significant results in the root mean square values of the Singing power ratio - SPR (p<0.01) and singing power difference (p<0.01). Significant results in the lowest value of the singing amplitude (p<0.05), singing amplitude range (p<0.01) and mean formant frequency of second formant of vowel /u/(p<0.05). Conclusion: Bhramari Pranayama improved the resonance characteristics of the voice and there by improved the quality of singing voice in prospective singers.

Effect Of Pranayama on Reducing the Level of Fatigue During External Radiation Therapy Among the Patients in A Cancer Hospital of Guwahati, Assam India

Introduction: Cancer related fatigue, a problem often less understood and under-diagnosed. It is imperative to find non-invasive and non-pharmacological solutions for managing it. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of pranayama on reducing the level of Fatigue during External Radiation Therapy (ERT) among the patients in a selected cancer hospital of Guwahati, Assam. Materials and methods: The study adopted Quantitative evaluative approach; randomized pre-test post-test control group design. Simple random sampling technique without replacement was used and 84 cancer pa-tients were equally divided in control group (42) and experimental group (42). The pre-test level of fatigue was assessed from both the groups and pranayama as intervention was given to experimental group. Result: Pranayama was found to be effective in patients receiving ERT. It was found that following pranaya-ma, majority in experimental group 41 (97.6%) had mild level of fatigue whereas in control group 27 (64.3%) experienced severe level of fatigue. There is significant mean difference in the experimental group as com-pared to control group after the intervention of pranayama (t=17.99, df=41, p-value=<.001). Conclusion: Pranayama is found to be effective intervention in reducing fatigue among cancer patients re-ceiving ERT.

Effects of Yogasana and Pranayama on lipid profile in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus – A prospective study

<i></i>Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic hyperglycaemic syndrome prevalent worldwide which predisposes to increased cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. Dyslipidaemia significantly contributes to the increased risk of cardiovascular disease and other morbidities in these subjects. Several studies conducted in the past shows that the non-pharmacological approach such as lifestyle modification that is yoga practices on daily basis have resulted in improvement in dyslipidemia status in cardiovascular disease. Aim and Objectives: This study was conducted to study the effect of Yogic Asanas on lipid profile in type 2 diabetic subjects. Materials and Methods: This is a prospective randomized control study. We enrolled 80 Type 2 diabetic subjects both males and females in the age group of 40–60 years based on inclusion and exclusion criteria from January 2021 to September 2021. Before and after 3 months of yoga and pranayama repeat fasting blood samples were taken from all the participants for lipid profile parameters estimation. All the results obtained before and after yoga and pranayama were compared using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20, student paired t test. A P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Yogic exercises significantly benefits the diabetes patients with their lipid profile levels. Conclusion: Yogic exercises would give benefit to the patient by reducing cholesterol and low- density lipoprotein cholesterol levels as well as increasing high-density lipoprotein levels and improve the status of patients in terms of use of less medicine, improvement of physical well-being leading to complication-free life.

Pranayama and Breathing Exercises - Types and Its Role in Disease Prevention & Rehabilitation

Yoga is a multi-faceted spiritual tool enhancing health and well-being. Physical postures (Asan), regulated breathing (Pranayama), and meditations (Dhyana) are its main components. Breathing exercises of various types, particularly diaphragmatic breathing, alternate nostril breathing (anulom vilom), and kapalbhati have been noted to be useful in chronic asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), post-operative management in head & neck surgery, cardiovascular surgery, and upper abdominal surgery. Its calming effect reduces blood pressure and agitation in various psychiatric disorders also. Common types of breathing exercises which are easy to learn and practice for day to day fitness and prevention of disease are: equal breathing (bhastrika), clavicular breathing, costal breathing, and diaphragmatic breathing. kapalbhati, alternate nostril breathing (anulom vilom), bhramari pranayama, and tribandh breathing. These require proper learning under guidance. Ujjayi pranayama, sitali, and surya bhedan pranayama also require proper training and have a calming effect on the body. Various types of breathing produce their beneficial effects on the body when they are done regularly for the minimum recommended period. These exercises can be practiced in any comfortable posture on the floor or sitting on a chair. Regulation of rate and rhythm during its practice helps towards achieving meditation. Pranayama and Yoga have proven their utility in various diseases as noted in studies done in various medical centers. The western world also recognizes its importance and recommends it to their people. In India, health is given a low priority and outdoor physical activities are becoming less popular. In these conditions of living, Yoga and Pranayama (breathing exercises) are recommended for persons of all ages because these are easy to learn, simple to practice, and do not require any separate space or instruments. Regularity and execution in a proper way for the optimum time alone are needed for general well-being, better lung functions, and as a preventive measure for various respiratory and psychiatric disorders. In the present pandemic of COVID-19, warranting house quarantine for a large number of people, this is going to prove a boon for physical and mental alleviation.

Pranayama improves cardio-respiratory efficiency and physical endurance in young healthy volunteers

Background: Pranayama involves manipulation of the breath, which is a dynamic bridge between body and mind. The aim of the study was to compare cardio respiratory parameters before and after pranayama practice and to correlate the changes in physical endurance with the changes in cardio-respiratory parameters.Methods: A quasi experimental study was conducted among 120 healthy students in the age group 18-25 years. These students were given pranayama practice for 30 minutes a day for 3 days in a week for 12 weeks. The subjects were assessed for various cardio-respiratory parameters like respiratory rate (RR), forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), FEV1/FVC, peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) , breath holding time (BHT), Heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), hand grip and rate of oxygen uptake per minute (VO2max) before and after pranayama practice. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics, paired t test and Pearson correlation.Results: There was a significant decrease in RR, HR, SBP and DBP after pranayama practice. BHT, FVC, FEV1, PEFR, hand grip and vo2 max were significantly increased after pranayama practice. Physical endurance is positively correlated with hand grip and heart rate.Conclusions: The results emphasis the health benefits of pranayama. Regular pranayama improves the cardiovascular efficiency and physical endurance. In spite of yogic training being not very vigorous, cardio-respiratory efficiency was found to increase. Pranayama practice can be advocated to improve cardio-respiratory efficiency for patients as well as healthy individuals.

Effect Of Yoga And Pranayama On Chest Expansion And Breath Holding Time In Chefs Exposed To Cooking Fumes

Background: Chefs exposed to cooking fumes are at risk due to the toxic products that are produced during cooking. Studies have shown that exposure to cooking fumes decreases lung capacities, affects breathing and cause other respiratory diseases. Yoga strengthens the respiratory musculature due to which chest and lungs inflate & deflate to fullest possible extent & muscles are made to work to maximal extent. Pranayama makes efficient use of abdominal & diaphragmatic muscles and improves the respiratory apparatus. Aim: The present study was done to determine the effect of Yoga & Pranayama on chest expansion & breath holding time in chefs exposed to cooking fumes. Methods: In this experimental study 30 chefs exposed to cooking fumes who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria using Medical research council questionnaire for respiratory symptoms were selected for yoga and pranayama program for 6 weeks, 3 sessions per week for 45 minutes. Pre and post respiratory functions were assessed by measuring chest expansion and breath holding time. Stastical analysis was done by using Wilcoxan test to compare the pre & post chest expansion. Paired t test was used to compare the pre & post breath holding time. Results: There was significant increase in chest expansion and breath holding time compared to pre yoga and pranayama practice. Conclusion: This study showed that there is significant effect of yoga and pranayama on chest expansion & breath holding on chefs.

A Study of Assessment of Cardiac Autonomic Functions after Yogasana and Pranayama

Introduction: Modern lifestyle, busy work schedule, lackof exercise, more expectancy generates stress in human life.Stress is a crucial factor in origin of diseases. Stress leads toautonomic imbalance. Yoga has very positive effects on stress.Yoga is now widely used for prevention and treatment ofvarious disorders and to achieve the physical, Physiological,Psychological, spiritual and social well being of the person.So this study is planned to see the effects of yoga on healthysubjects as an important preventive measure to remain awayfrom diseases. The present study was undertaken to showthe various effects of selective yogasana and pranayama oncardiac autonomic functions in healthy subjects between agegroup 31 to 60 years.Material and Methods: The subjects fulfilling the inclusioncriteria underwent the yogasana and pranayama sessions.Anthropometric data was collected. The cardiovascular statusof 45 healthy subjects was assessed by cardiac autonomicfunction tests before the start of and after 3 months ofyogasanaand pranayama practice daily for one hour. Theinstruments Diabetic Risk Profiler by Genesis HealthcareSystem Hydrabad, Handgrip dynamometer, digital bloodpressure apparatus, cold water tub were used. The testsconducted were resting heart rate, resting blood pressure, deepbreathing test(E/I ratio), orthostatic heart rate response (30/15ratio), valsalva ratio, sustained handgrip test, cold pressor testand blood pressure response to standing.Results: After yogasana and pranayama for three monthssignificant reduction in resting HR, SBP and DBP were found.Mean resting heart rate (HR) was decreased from 77.04/minto 71.38/min, mean SBP from 121mmHg to 117.51 mmHgand mean DBP from 83.42mmHg to 79.91mmHg. There wassignificant increase in parasympathetic reactivity parameterslike orthostatic HRR from 1.12 to 1.50, Deep breathing from1.20 to 1.52 and valsalva ratio from 1.24 to 1.67. There wassignificant decrease in sympathetic reactivity variables likesustained HGT Difference of diastolic BP (∆DBP) from 11.40to 7.73 mmHg, cold pressor test ∆DBP 11.67 to 7.71mmHgand BP response to standing Difference of systolic BP (∆SBP)from 10.71 to7.64 mmHg. There were no statistical significantchange observed in anthropometric parameters like body massindex (BMI) from 24.12 to 23.28 and waist hip ratio(WHR)from 0.87 to 0.85.Conclusion: It can be concluded that yogasana and pranayamahas beneficial effects on cardiac autonomic activities andreactivity. This lifestyle should be followed regularly as apreventive measure by the persons with cardiac diseasesto get relief and also healthy persons to remain away fromcardiovascular problems.

Prospective randomized trial of standard antiemetic therapy with yoga versus standard antiemetic therapy alone for highly emetogenic chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in South Asian population

Aim/Background: Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) is one of the most distressing side effects of highly emetogenic chemotherapy regimens. There have been continuous efforts in the direction to control CINV by many investigators. Materials and Methods: Randomly selected patients were those receiving highly emetogenic chemotherapy regimen grouped into yoga and standard antiemetic therapy (n = 50) just before receiving chemotherapy and continued for the following days and other group (n = 50) received only the standard antiemetic agent. Both the groups were assessed, followed for acute and delayed onset of chemotherapy-induced and anticipatory nausea and vomiting using radiation therapy oncology group grading for the same. We also assessed the quality of life of the patient using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General questionnaire. Results: The median age group of the patients was 51 years with male:female ratio 2:1, The Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status was 0/1 in 38% of the selected population, while ECOG 2 in 62% of the patients. In yoga arm, insignificant reduction in chemotherapy-induced nausea (90% vs. 78%, P = 0.35) and but significant reduction in vomiting (42% vs. 22%, P =0.01) was observed as compared to the standard antiemetics only arm. There was a significant reduction in Grade 2 and 3 nausea (84% vs. 38% P < 0.01) and vomiting (14% vs. 0% P < 0.01). Quality of life is also significantly improved in the yoga arm, especially in the ECOG 2 performance status. Conclusions: This study concludes that yoga along with standard antiemetic medication should be a part of the management plan for the cancer patients receiving highly emetogenic chemotherapy

Change in Basal Cardiac and Respiratory Parameters after Regular Practice of Bhramari Pranayama and Yoganidra in Young Medical Students

Aim:  The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of regular practice of  Bhramari pranayama and Yoganidra for 3 months on the basal cardiac and respiratory parameters of young healthy medical students. Background: Previous studies support the beneficial effect of Bhramari pranayama and Yoganidra individually in hypertension and other diseases. This is a study to evaluate effect of combination of pranayama and meditation on basal cardiac and respiratory parameters in young healthy individuals. Materials and Methods: Total 94 young medical students were selected who performed Bhramari Pranayama and Yoganidra for a duration of 3 months. Basal values of pulse, blood pressure and respiratory rate were recorded on each student before and after yoga. Results: In our study mean pulse rate  before yoga  was  76.39 ± 4.34 per min. and after yoga  it reduced to 74.56 ± 3.55 per min (p <0.001) .The basal systolic blood pressure before yoga was systolic 117.12 ± 4.470 mm Hg and diastolic 74.18 ± 3.884 mm Hg .After 3 months of yoga systolic reduced to 114.18 ± 4.103 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure fell to 71.37 ± 2.570 mm Hg (p < 0.001). Before yoga the mean respiratory rate was 19.25 ± 1.756 per minute which reduced to 18.16 ± 1.37 per minute (p < 0.001). Conclusion:  Bhramari  Pranayama  and  Yoganidra  significantly  reduced pulse, blood pressure and respiratory rate.

Measuring impact of Surya Namaskar and Pranayama for management of child obesity in India

Background: Obesity is fast becoming the developed world's greatest health problem. Moreover, childhood obesity is a major public health crisis nationally and internationally. The prevalence of childhood obesity has increased over few years. It is caused by imbalance between calorie intake and calories utilized.Methods: The current paper analyses the impact of Surya Namaskar and Pranayama on management of child obesity. For this purpose, a group of 120 respondents were selected for a 4-month program to measure that whether the program can improve their living standards or not.Results: The result revealed positive impact on the obesity of the participants, further the variables of their medical condition and living standards improvement is identified.Conclusions: One variable Rate_yoga_1 is predicting the Overall_quality of Surya Namaskar and Pranayama. Further, four variables medi_conImp_3, medi_conImp_2, medi_conImp_5 and medi_conImp_4 are predicting the medical condition improvement under session of Surya Namaskar and Pranayama, and two variables Livi_stanimpr_4 and Livi_stanimpr_3 are predicting the living standard improvement under session of Surya Namaskar and Pranayama.

A hospital-based cross-sectional study on yoga and meditation in patients of hypertension in Western India

Background: Yoga and meditation hold promise as a non-pharmacological management of hypertension as they have shown to lower blood pressure. This study aimed at (1) assessing the awareness about benefits of yoga and meditation in hypertension among patients and finding its socio-demographic correlates, (2) estimating the practice of yoga and meditation in hypertensives, its pattern and impact on blood pressure control.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 400 hypertensive patients. Statistical association was tested with chi square and independent t tests.Results: It was observed that only 9% respondents were aware of the benefits of yoga and meditation in hypertension while 12.8% practised the same. On probing it was found that these 3.8% practised yoga and meditation only because their physician had advised them to do so without even knowing their benefits. This points out the importance of physician advice which can be even more effective if pros and cons are properly explained. People who were aware of the benefits were 51.9 times more likely to practise them (p<0.001). Highly significant association was observed between awareness regarding lifestyle modifications like yoga and meditation and gender, socioeconomic status, education and locality (urban non-slum/urban slum/rural).Conclusions: The complementary use of non-pharmacological treatment or lifestyle modifications like yoga and meditation can go a long way to lower blood pressure and such options need to be provided by the health care providers and the gap in awareness elicited in our study needs to be addressed.

Effects of yogic breath regulation: A narrative review of scientific evidence

Pranayama or breath regulation is considered as an essential component of Yoga, which is said to influence the physiological systems. We present a comprehensive overview of scientific literature in thefield of yogic breathing. We searched PubMed, PubMed Central and IndMed for citations for keywords“Pranayama” and “Yogic Breathing”. The search yielded a total of 1400 references. Experimental papers,case studies and case series in English, revealing the effects of yogic breathing were included in thereview. The preponderance of literature points to beneficial effects of yogic breathing techniques in bothphysiological and clinical setups. Advantageous effects of yogic breathing on the neurocognitive, psychophysiological, respiratory, biochemical and metabolic functions in healthy individuals were elicited.They were also found useful in management of various clinical conditions. Overall, yogic breathing couldbe considered safe, when practiced under guidance of a trained teacher. Considering the positive effectsof yogic breathing, further large scale studies with rigorous designs to understand the mechanismsinvolved with yogic breathing are warranted.© 2017 Transdisciplinary University, Bangalore and World Ayurveda Foundation. Publishing Services byElsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Influence of Pranayama and Selected Yoga-Asanas on Quality of Life and Certain Biochemical Parameters among Subjects with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus

To assess the pre-test level of quality of life (QOL) and blood glucose among the patients with type -2 diabetes mellitus and to compare and find out the effectiveness of Pranayama and selected yoga asanas on blood sugar and quality of life among patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus. The post-test values of blood sugar and QOL of patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus in experimental group had shown statistically significant improvement at P<0.001 level. It inferred that Pranayama and selected yoga asanas were effective in the management of type-2 diabetes mellitus. Hence, yoga asanas and Pranayama were effective complementary method to improve the health of the patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus.

Study To Assess The Effectiveness Of Pranayama On Stress Among Elderly

Aim: Aim of our study was to assess the effect of pranayama on pretest & post test stress level in elderly control & experimental group. Study Design: An Institution based true experimental case control study was conducted on elderly people for a period of 4.2.2011 to 7.3.2011 residing in Pingalwara Amritsar. Study comprises randomly selected elderly of both sex including 30subjects each in experimental & control group. Exclusion criteria was age below 60years, elderly residing outside pingalwara and those not willing to participate. Methodology: Simple Random sampling technique &Standarized tool was used formethod of collection of data. Pretest stress level was analyzed in both groups by Depression anxiety stressScale &then Pranayama therapy was introduced to Experimental group & then Post test stress level was assessed in both the groups by Depression anxiety stressScale. Results:Paired ‘t’ test reveals that there is significant (p <0.05) difference between pretest& posttest stress scores of experimental group as during pretest 10% had extreme severe & 30% had severe further 33% had moderate & 27% of them had mild stress. However during post test only 3% had extremly severe & 10% had severe further 47% had moderate and 40% of them had mild level of stress. Pretest and Post test level of stress among the control group reveals that in the pretest 10% had extreme severe stress &20% of the elderly had severe stress further 40% had moderate & 30% of them had mild stress. However during post test 7% had extreme severe level of stress&20% had severe stress further 40% of the elderly had moderate and 33% of them had mild level of stress.

Effect of anulom vilom pranayama as an adjuvant treatment modality to improve the level of dyspnea in chronic asthma patients

Background: Dyspnea is the main symptom suffered by bronchial asthma patients who are even under medical treatment. This study was aimed to evaluate the use of alternate nostril breathing as an adjuvant treatment modality to improve the level of dyspnea in patients with bronchial asthma.Methods: Patients who were diagnosed to have bronchial asthma for more than 6 months with the modified Borg dyspnea score of more than 3 and forced expiratory volume (FEV1) for one second less than 80% included in the study. Anulom Vilom Pranayama was instructed to practice daily for 10 minutes for 4 weeks. The level of dyspnea in pre and post test was conducted using modified Borg dyspnea scale after doing six minute walk. Spirometer was used to assess the FEV1. The data was analysed statistically.Results: Twenty patients were included in the study. Majority belonged to the age group of 20-29 with female dominance and no history of smoking. There was a significant (p = 0.0001) reduction in dyspnea after practicing Anulom Vilom Pranayama for one month. The median of Borg dyspnea scale in the pre-test was 4.5 and that of post-test was 3.5. The mean FEV1 score in the pre-test was 57.20 and that of post-test was 68.75 which was found to be statistically significant (p=0.0001).Conclusions: One-month anulom vilom pranayama daily for 10 minutes improved the Borg dyspnea scale and FEV1 score. This indicates it as an effective intervention in reducing the level of dyspnea in chronic bronchial asthma patients

Therapeutic Role of Yoga in Type 2 Diabetes

Yoga originated in India more than 5,000 years ago and is a means of balancing and harmonizing the body, mind, and emotions. Yoga practice is useful in the management of various lifestyle diseases, including type 2 diabetes. Psycho-neuro-endocrine and immune mechanisms are involved in the beneficial effects of yoga on diabetes. Incorporation of yoga practice in daily life helps to attain glycaemic control and reduces the risk of complications in people with diabetes. In this review, we briefly describe the role of various yoga practices in the management of diabetes based on evidence from various clinical studies.

Effect of Kapalbhati on Blood Pressure in Naive

Background and Objectives: Kapalbhati is among one of the cleansing act (shatkarma) in yogic philosophy. It is highly recommended for those who have to do great deal of study and need a clean, clear mind. This study was conducted among medical students at Nepalgunj medical college, Nepalgunj, Nepal.Material and Methods: This analytical study was conducted among 100 medical students of Nepalgunj Medical College, Nepalgunj, Nepal who gave consent and performed Kapalbhati correctly were included in the study. SBP and DBP were the cardiac parameters taken. Those parameters were taken before, immediately, after 1 minute, 2 minutes and 3 minutes of Pranayama. The data were entered in SPSS and Statistical analysis was done using version 23.Results: As in usual exercises, SBP and DBP increases significantly immediately after Kapalbhati session when compared with the value before exercises. The basal (pre-Kapalbhati) mean SBP and DBP were 125.76 ± 7.36 and 82.92 ± 5.75 which increases up to 143.60 ± 11.18 and 90.33 ± 7.90 respectively immediately after exercises and fall after 3 minutes of exercises value being 127.05 ± 10.93 and 81.38 ± 5.38 respectively.Conclusion: There is significant rise between Pre-value and post-value (immediate) of all parameters and significant fall of all parameters if compared between post-value and after 3 minute.

Chandra Anuloma Viloma Pranayama modifies Cardiorespiratory Functions

Background and Objectives: In recent years, there has been considerable interest in scientific research on yoga, especially on Pranayama. Nostril breathing exercises including Alternate nostril breathing, Left nostril breathing and right nostril breathing exercises is getting attention in the east and in the west. Left nostril breathing exercises is also called Chandra Nadisuddhi Pranayama or Chandra anulomaa vilomaa Pranayama (CAV). Very few have carried out research on Chandra Anuloma Viloma Pranayama (CAV). This study was carried out to see the effects of CAV on experienced yoga practitioners and naïves.Material and Methods: The study consisted of 36 subjects divided into two groups, first group consist of 26 medical students who were naïve and the next group consist of 10 yoga practitioners. All the subjects performed 12 rounds of Chandra Nadisuddhi Pranayama in each session for 24 days. Variables were entered into SPSS Program and were analyzed.Results: This study depicts fall in Pulse rate, respiratory rate, systolic blood pressure and Diastolic blood pressure after CAV Pranayama in both Naïves and Yoga practitioners. But the significant drop was observed in SBP only (at p < 0.05) among Naives and in all parameters except respiratory rate among Yoga Practitioners.Conclusion: The effect of the Chandra Anuloma Viloma (CAV) in this study was more eminent in the yoga practitioners than in the naïve group.